Dąbrowski Poviat lies on the area Powiśle Dąbrowskie. It is a typical agriculture region. Agricultural fields cover about 77,6% of poviat area, and in some gminas even 80%. Other lands cover 12% of poviat area. The poviat possesses natural resources of sand and gravel. Powiśle Dąbrowskie is law afforested: forests cover no more than 11% of poviat area. The north-east part of the poviat has almost no forests at all.

Good condition of natural environment, uncontaminated soil and clean air give the opportunity for development of ecological farms. In connection with the beauty of the landscapes and tourist values of the region they are attractive for investments in tourism infrastructure and agritourism development. Dąbrowski Poviat is rather poorly industrialized. It is dominated by agriculture, and production is focused within agriculture and food industry. The biggest number of companies is located in two gminas: Dąbrowa Tarnowska and Szczucin (about 70%).

The biggest share in companies structure have those representing trade and repairing services. Percentage of companies which belong to agriculture and construction sectors is seriously higher than in whole voivodship and nationwide. Branches such as processing, hotels and restaurants, real estate services are rather weak.